Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a disease consisting of a clinical triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe PUD, and gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs; gastrinomas). It derives its name from the the…
Read MorePeptic ulcer disease are erosions in the GI mucosa that extend through the muscularis propria. H. pylori is a common cause of peptic ulcer disease and was first elucidated by…
Read MoreInguinal hernias are a type of hernia that occurs in the area of the groin, the area between the lower part of the abdomen and thigh, and pass through the…
Read MoreSmall bowel obstruction is a blockage of the small intestines. It was recognized as early as the sixth century B.C. by Susruta. From then until recently, intestinal obstruction was recognized…
Read MoreTake a look around and learn something new! This site was developed to be a single surgical site for students who want to learn as much as they can about…
Read MoreCholedocholithiasis occurs when there is a gallstone in the common bile duct. In 1877, Jean-Martin Charcot described the symptoms associated with the passage of common bile duct stones. Choledochotomy, or…
Read MoreAppendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix. The first planned appendectomy was done by Lawson Tait, a British gynecologist, in May 1880. Claudius Amyand had previously removed the appendix…
Read MoreCholangitis is an ascending infection of the common bile duct (CBD) secondary to obstruction and increased intraluminal pressure. It was first described in 1877 by Jean-Martin Charcot. Etiology Epidemiology History…
Read MoreAcute cholecystitis refers to inflammation of the gallbladder. Gentile da Foligno was the first to describe the gallbladder. In 1581, Jean Fernel provided an adequate clinical description of the symptoms…
Read MoreAppendicitis refers to inflammation of the appendix. The first appendectomy was completed by Claudius Amyand in 1735 when he operated on an 11-year-old male for a strangulated inguinal hernia and…
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