Colon Cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women in the U.S. Colorectal cancer is further divided into colon cancer and rectal cancer. The former will be…
Read MoreCarotid Endarterectomy
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgery performed in order to remove plaque buildup in the common carotid and internal carotid arteries in order to improve blood flow. It involves removing…
Read MoreLower Extremity Amputations
Amputation is the loss or removal of a body part. Prehistoric bones show that man was performing amputations at the prehistoric time by utilizing cutting instruments. In 1915, E. Holländer…
Read MoreSupracondylar Amputation
Supracondylar amputation is a type of above-knee amputation performed at the level of the thigh at the distal femur. The word amputation comes from the Latin amputātus, past participle of…
Read MoreFistula-in-Ano
Fistulas occur when there is an abnormal connection between two epithelialized surfaces that do not usually connect. Fistula-in-ano refers to a fistula between the skin and the anus. In 30…
Read MoreAnorectal Abscess
Anorectal (perirectal) abscesses are usually the result of an infection of the anal glands located at the dentate line. They commonly expand caudally to the anoderm (perianal abscess) or across…
Read MoreRectovaginal Fistula
Rectovaginal fistulas are an abnormal connection between the rectum and vagina. In patients with recurring or persistent rectovaginal fistulas, a Martius repair can be utilized to correct the abnormality. This…
Read MoreVentral Hernia
Ventral hernias are hernias that occur through the anterior abdominal wall. Etiology Physical exam Imaging Relevant Information Complications Scoring Systems/Classifications Differential Diagnoses
Read MoreInflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be further divided into ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease. The name “ulcerative colitis” was coined…
Read MoreDiverticulitis
Diverticulitis occurs when there is inflammation of diverticula, the abnormal outpouchings of the colonic wall. Graser first described diverticulitis in 1899. Left-sided diverticulitis is most common in the Western world…
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